Gunungkidul
Gunungkidul is one of the districts in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Administrative center located in District Wonosari.
With an area of about one-third of the area of its parent, the district is relatively low density of population than other districts.
The district borders the district of Klaten and Sukoharjo in the north, Wonogiri in the east, the Indian Ocean in the south, and the districts of Bantul and Sleman districts in the west. Gunungkidul has 18 districts.
Most of the district in the form of hills and mountains of limestone, which is part of Sewu Mountains. Gunung known as barren areas and droughts in the dry season, but keep the peculiarities of the unique history, in addition to the potential of tourism, culture, and culinary.
As the name implies, Gunungkidul dominated by mountains which is the western part of the Mountain Sewu or South Limestone Mountains (from the name of this alias "Gunung" is derived), which lies on the southern island of Java from the region to the east until Tulungagung. Kidul mountains formed from limestone, indicating that in the past the sea floor. Fossil discoveries of ancient marine animals supports this assumption. This area started to become the mainland as a result of the appointments tectonic and volcanic since Kala Miocene [2] In the north, bordering the Klaten district, there is a hilly region gampng mixture and igneous remnant of an ancient volcanic activity then stalled called Baturagung hills. Baturagung located in the south of Wonosari Basin, in the form of medium-altitude plains formed by the flow of Oya River. The river empties into the river Opaque. Wonosari basin kept many relics from prehistoric times, since the Old Stone Age to the New Stone Age, which is unique not found in other districts in Yogyakarta. In the northeast, bordering Wonogiri are the small mountain known as Mountain Stage.
From the archaeological findings, the area of Gunung thought to have been inhabited by humans (Homo sapiens) from 700 thousand years ago . Many find instructions of human existence found in caves and niches in karst hills of Gunung, especially in Sub Ponjong. Gunung occupy the human tendency when it is caused mostly lowland in Yogyakarta is still flooded.The arrival of the first humans in Gunung occurred at the end of the Pleistocene period. At that time, human Australoid race migrated from Sewu Mountains in Pacitan, East Java passing karst valleys Wonogiri, Central Java until it reaches the southern coast of Gunung through ancient Bengawan Solo.
Of the approximately 460 karst caves in Gunung Kidul, nearly half into the ancient human occupancy. From
72 horizontal cave at the north end of Mount Sewu, precisely in the
District Ponjong which terapit Ledok Wonosari in the west and Ledok
Baturetno in the east, 14 caves of which is the former residence of
early humans, and two of them have been excavated, namely Song Bentar
and Song Blendrong.
On the alcove Song Bentar ever become residential Homo sapiens found
eight individuals consisting of: 5 adults, 2 children and 1 infant was
also found stone tools such as milling stones, pickaxe square, and
arrowheads. While in Song Blendrong found many bones, stone tools, horns, and shaved shells scattered on the floor alcove. Moreover, in Goa Seropan in Semanu also found evidence of early humans. In the long hallway that cave many ancient bones found mold in the walls of the hall. While
in the new hall, which is at a depth of 60 m, and emerged only after
the underground river floods in 2008, found pieces of leg bones, teeth
and ribs mammals.
With an area of about one-third of the area of its parent, the district is relatively low density of population than other districts.
The district borders the district of Klaten and Sukoharjo in the north, Wonogiri in the east, the Indian Ocean in the south, and the districts of Bantul and Sleman districts in the west. Gunungkidul has 18 districts.
Most of the district in the form of hills and mountains of limestone, which is part of Sewu Mountains. Gunung known as barren areas and droughts in the dry season, but keep the peculiarities of the unique history, in addition to the potential of tourism, culture, and culinary.
As the name implies, Gunungkidul dominated by mountains which is the western part of the Mountain Sewu or South Limestone Mountains (from the name of this alias "Gunung" is derived), which lies on the southern island of Java from the region to the east until Tulungagung. Kidul mountains formed from limestone, indicating that in the past the sea floor. Fossil discoveries of ancient marine animals supports this assumption. This area started to become the mainland as a result of the appointments tectonic and volcanic since Kala Miocene [2] In the north, bordering the Klaten district, there is a hilly region gampng mixture and igneous remnant of an ancient volcanic activity then stalled called Baturagung hills. Baturagung located in the south of Wonosari Basin, in the form of medium-altitude plains formed by the flow of Oya River. The river empties into the river Opaque. Wonosari basin kept many relics from prehistoric times, since the Old Stone Age to the New Stone Age, which is unique not found in other districts in Yogyakarta. In the northeast, bordering Wonogiri are the small mountain known as Mountain Stage.
From the archaeological findings, the area of Gunung thought to have been inhabited by humans (Homo sapiens) from 700 thousand years ago . Many find instructions of human existence found in caves and niches in karst hills of Gunung, especially in Sub Ponjong. Gunung occupy the human tendency when it is caused mostly lowland in Yogyakarta is still flooded.The arrival of the first humans in Gunung occurred at the end of the Pleistocene period. At that time, human Australoid race migrated from Sewu Mountains in Pacitan, East Java passing karst valleys Wonogiri, Central Java until it reaches the southern coast of Gunung through ancient Bengawan Solo.
